【hadoop 2.6】hadoop 2.6集群环境搭建及文件系统使用

4台机器

176.177.178,179

176是resourcemanager

177是namenode

178是datanode，nodemanager

179是datanode，nodemanager

首先为了方便，4台机器之前全部建立ssh无密码登录，详见：http://blog.csdn.net/simonchi/article/details/39054437

配好hostname到ip的映射，这里特别注意，必须得配，IP是不行的，解析不了，而且注意注释掉原来hosts文件中的其它无关内容

cat /etc/hosts

192.168.11.176  com23.authentication
192.168.11.177  com22.authentication
192.168.11.178  com21.authentication
192.168.11.179  com20.authentication

下面，我么你在176上配置所有需要配置的文件，让后将所有文件拷贝到其它机器即可。

1、JAVA_HOME内容添加

hadoop-env.sh

这个就不说了

2、core-site.xml

• 属性”fs.defaultFS“表示NameNode节点地址，由”hdfs://主机名(或ip)：端口号”组成。

<configuration>
    <property>
        <name>fs.defaultFS</name>
        <value>hdfs://192.168.11.177:9000</value>
    </property>
<property>
        <name>io.file.buffer.size</name>
        <value>131072</value>
    </property>
</configuration>

3、hdfs-site.xml

• 属性“dfs.namenode.name.dir”表示NameNode存储命名空间和操作日志相关的元数据信息的本地文件系统目录，该项默认本地路径为”/tmp/hadoop-{username}/dfs/name”；
• 属性”dfs.datanode.data.dir“表示DataNode节点存储HDFS文件的本地文件系统目录，由”file://本地目录”组成,该项默认本地路径为”/tmp/hadoop-{username}/dfs/data”。
• 属性“dfs.namenode.secondary.http-address”表示SecondNameNode主机及端口号（如果无需额外指定SecondNameNode角色，可以不进行此项配置）；

  <property> 
        <name>dfs.namenode.name.dir</name>
        <value>/home/hadoop/namenodedir,/home/hadoop/namenodedirbak</value>
    </property>
<property>
        <name>dfs.datanode.data.dir</name>
        <value>/home/hadoop/datanodedir,/home/hadoop/datanodedirbak</value>
    </property>

4、yarn-site.xml

<property>
        <name>yarn.nodemanager.aux-services</name>
        <value>mapreduce_shuffle</value>
    </property>
<property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.address</name>
        <value>192.168.11.176:18040</value>
    </property>
<property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.scheduler.address</name>
        <value>192.168.11.176:18030</value>
    </property>
<property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.webapp.address</name>
        <value>192.168.11.176:18088</value>
    </property>
<property>
        <name>yarn.resourcemanager.resource-tracker.address</name>
        <value>192.168.11.176:8025</value>
    </property>

5、mapred-site.xml

<property>
        <name>mapreduce.framework.name</name>
        <value>yarn</value>
    </property>
<property>
        <name>mapreduce.map.memory.mb</name>
        <value>1536</value>
    </property>
<property>
        <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.address</name>
        <value>192.168.11.176:10020</value>
    </property>
<property>
        <name>mapreduce.jobhistory.webapp.address</name>
        <value>192.168.11.176:19888</value>
    </property>

6、slaves

com21.authentication
com20.authentication

安装完毕后，需登陆NameNode节点或任一DataNode节点执行hdfs namenode -format格式化集群HDFS文件系统；

注：如果非第一次格式化HDFS文件系统，则需要在进行格式化操作前分别将NameNode和各个DataNode节点的dfs.namenode.name.dir目录下的所有内容清空。

7、启动hadoop集群

8、关闭hadoop集群

9、文件系统命令的使用

详见： http://hadoop.apache.org/docs/r2.6.0/hadoop-project-dist/hadoop-common/FileSystemShell.html#mkdir

1>创建文件夹

./hdfs dfs -mkdir -p /user/hadoop/dir1 /user/hadoop/dir2

[root@com22 bin]# ./hdfs dfs -ls -R /
15/01/26 16:47:48 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
drwxr-xr-x   - root supergroup          0 2015-01-26 16:43 /user
drwxr-xr-x   - root supergroup          0 2015-01-26 16:43 /user/hadoop
drwxr-xr-x   - root supergroup          0 2015-01-26 16:43 /user/hadoop/dir1
drwxr-xr-x   - root supergroup          0 2015-01-26 16:43 /user/hadoop/dir2

2>传文件到hdfs

./hdfs dfs -put /home/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.0/etc/hadoop/ /user/hadoop/dir1

[root@com22 bin]# ./hdfs dfs -ls -R /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop
15/01/26 17:08:56 WARN util.NativeCodeLoader: Unable to load native-hadoop library for your platform... using builtin-java classes where applicable
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       4436 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/capacity-scheduler.xml
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       1335 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/configuration.xsl
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup        318 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/container-executor.cfg
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup        994 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/core-site.xml
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       3670 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/hadoop-env.cmd
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       4256 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/hadoop-env.sh
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       2490 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/hadoop-metrics.properties
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       2598 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/hadoop-metrics2.properties
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       9683 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/hadoop-policy.xml
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       1072 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/hdfs-site.xml
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       1449 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/httpfs-env.sh
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       1657 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/httpfs-log4j.properties
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup         21 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/httpfs-signature.secret
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup        620 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/httpfs-site.xml
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       3523 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/kms-acls.xml
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       1325 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/kms-env.sh
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       1631 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/kms-log4j.properties
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       5511 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/kms-site.xml
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup      11291 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/log4j.properties
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup        938 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/mapred-env.cmd
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       1383 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/mapred-env.sh
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       4113 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/mapred-queues.xml.template
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       1223 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/mapred-site.xml
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup        758 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/mapred-site.xml.template
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup         42 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/slaves
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       2316 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/ssl-client.xml.example
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       2268 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/ssl-server.xml.example
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       2237 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/yarn-env.cmd
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       4606 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/yarn-env.sh
-rw-r--r--   3 root supergroup       1351 2015-01-26 17:08 /user/hadoop/dir1/hadoop/yarn-site.xml

后续来说说如何开发mapreduce了。。。